Important: This documentation is about an older version. It's relevant only to the release noted, many of the features and functions have been updated or replaced. Please view the current version.
Cloud setup GCP logs
This document explain how one can setup Google Cloud Platform to forward its cloud resource logs from a particular GCP project into Google Pubsub topic so that is available for Promtail to consume.
This document assumes, that reader have gcloud
installed and have required permissions(as mentioned in #[Roles and Permission] section)
Roles and Permission
User should have following roles to complete the setup.
- “roles/pubsub.editor”
- “roles/logging.configWriter”
Setup Pubsub Topic
Google Pubsub Topic will act as the queue to persist log messages which then can be read from Promtail.
$ gcloud pubsub topics create $TOPIC_ID
e.g:
$ gcloud pubsub topics create cloud-logs
Setup Log Router
We create a log sink to forward cloud logs into pubsub topic created before
$ gcloud logging sinks create $SINK_NAME $SINK_LOCATION $OPTIONAL_FLAGS
e.g:
$ gcloud logging sinks create cloud-logs pubsub.googleapis.com/projects/my-project/topics/cloud-logs \
--log-filter='resource.type=("gcs_bucket")' \
--description="Cloud logs"
Above command also adds log-filter
option which represents what type of logs should get into the destination pubsub
topic.
For more information on adding log-filter
refer this document
We cover more advanced log-filter
below
Grant log sink the pubsub publisher role
Find the writer identity service account of the log sink just created:
gcloud logging sinks describe \
--format='value(writerIdentity)' $SINK_NAME
For example:
gcloud logging sinks describe \
--format='value(writerIdentity)' cloud-logs
Create an IAM policy binding to allow log sink to publish messages to the topic:
gcloud pubsub topics add-iam-policy-binding $TOPIC_ID \
--member=$WRITER_IDENTITY --role=roles/pubsub.publisher
For example:
gcloud pubsub topics add-iam-policy-binding cloud-logs \
--member=serviceAccount:pxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxx@gcp-sa-logging.iam.gserviceaccount.com --role=roles/pubsub.publisher
Create Pubsub subscription for Grafana Loki
We create subscription for the pubsub topic we create above and Promtail uses this subscription to consume log messages.
$ gcloud pubsub subscriptions create cloud-logs --topic=$TOPIC_ID \
--ack-deadline=$ACK_DEADLINE \
--message-retention-duration=$RETENTION_DURATION \
e.g:
$ gcloud pubsub subscriptions create cloud-logs --topic=projects/my-project/topics/cloud-logs \
--ack-deadline=10 \
--message-retention-duration=7d
For more fine grained options, refer to the gcloud pubsub subscriptions --help
ServiceAccount for Promtail
We need a service account with following permissions.
- pubsub.subscriber
This enables Promtail to read log entries from the pubsub subscription created before.
you can find example for Promtail scrape config for gcplog
here
If you are scraping logs from multiple GCP projects, then this serviceaccount should have above permissions in all the projects you are tyring to scrape.
Operations
Sometimes you may wish to clear the pending pubsub queue containing logs.
These messages stays in Pubsub Subscription until they’re acknowledged. The following command removes log messages without needing to be consumed via Promtail or any other pubsub consumer.
gcloud pubsub subscriptions seek <subscription-path> --time=<yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss>
To delete all the old messages until now, set --time
to current time.
gcloud pubsub subscriptions seek projects/my-project/subscriptions/cloud-logs --time=$(date +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S)
Advanced log filter
So far we’ve covered admitting GCS bucket logs into Grafana Loki, but often one may need to add multiple cloud resource logs and may also need to exclude unnecessary logs. The following is a more complex example.
We use the log-filter
option to include logs and the exclusion
option to exclude them.
Use Case
Include following cloud resource logs
- GCS bucket
- Kubernetes
- IAM
- HTTP Load balancer
And we exclude specific HTTP load balancer logs based on payload and status code.
$ gcloud logging sinks create cloud-logs pubsub.googleapis.com/projects/my-project/topics/cloud-logs \
--log-filter='resource.type=("gcs_bucket OR k8s_cluster OR service_account OR iam_role OR api OR audited_resource OR http_load_balancer")' \
--description="Cloud logs" \
--exclusion='name=http_load_balancer,filter=<<EOF
resource.type="http_load_balancer"
(
(
jsonPayload.statusDetails=("byte_range_caching" OR "websocket_closed")
)
OR
(
http_request.status=(101 OR 206)
)
)
EOF