Important: This documentation is about an older version. It's relevant only to the release noted, many of the features and functions have been updated or replaced. Please view the current version.

Clients

Promtail

Stages

timestamp

Open source

`timestamp` stage

The timestamp stage is an action stage that can change the timestamp of a log line before it is sent to Loki. When a timestamp stage is not present, the timestamp of a log line defaults to the time when the log entry is scraped.

Schema

timestamp:
  # Name from extracted data to use for the timestamp.
  source: <string>

  # Determines how to parse the time string. Can use
  # pre-defined formats by name: [ANSIC UnixDate RubyDate RFC822
  # RFC822Z RFC850 RFC1123 RFC1123Z RFC3339 RFC3339Nano Unix
  # UnixMs UnixUs UnixNs].
  format: <string>

  # Fallback formats to try if the format fails to parse the value
  # Can use pre-defined formats by name: [ANSIC UnixDate RubyDate RFC822
  # RFC822Z RFC850 RFC1123 RFC1123Z RFC3339 RFC3339Nano Unix
  # UnixMs UnixUs UnixNs].
  [fallback_formats: []<string>]

  # IANA Timezone Database string.
  [location: <string>]

  # Which action should be taken in case the timestamp can't
  # be extracted or parsed. Valid values are: [skip, fudge].
  # Defaults to "fudge".
  [action_on_failure: <string>]

Reference Time

The format field can be how the reference time, defined to be Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 -0700 MST 2006, would be interpreted in the format or can alternatviely be one of the following common forms:

ANSIC: Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 2006
UnixDate: Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 MST 2006
RubyDate: Mon Jan 02 15:04:05 -0700 2006
RFC822: 02 Jan 06 15:04 MST
RFC822Z: 02 Jan 06 15:04 -0700
RFC850: Monday, 02-Jan-06 15:04:05 MST
RFC1123: Mon, 02 Jan 2006 15:04:05 MST
RFC1123Z: Mon, 02 Jan 2006 15:04:05 -0700
RFC3339: 2006-01-02T15:04:05-07:00
RFC3339Nano: 2006-01-02T15:04:05.999999999-07:00

Additionally, support for common Unix timestamps is supported with the following format values:

Unix: 1562708916 or with fractions 1562708916.000000123
UnixMs: 1562708916414
UnixUs: 1562708916414123
UnixNs: 1562708916000000123

Custom formats are passed directly to the layout parameter in Go’s time.Parse function. If the custom format has no year component specified, Promtail will assume that the current year according to the system’s clock should be used.

The syntax used by the custom format defines the reference date and time using specific values for each component of the timestamp (i.e., Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 -0700 MST 2006). The following table shows supported reference values which should be used in the custom format.

Timestamp component	Format value
Year	`06`, `2006`
Month	`1`, `01`, `Jan`, `January`
Day	`2`, `02`, `_2` (two digits right justified)
Day of the week	`Mon`, `Monday`
Hour	`3` (12-hour), `03` (12-hour zero prefixed), `15` (24-hour)
Minute	`4`, `04`
Second	`5`, `05`
Fraction of second	`.000` (ms zero prefixed), `.000000` (μs), `.000000000` (ns), `.999` (ms without trailing zeroes), `.999999` (μs), `.999999999` (ns)
12-hour period	`pm`, `PM`
Timezone name	`MST`
Timezone offset	`-0700`, `-070000` (with seconds), `-07`, `07:00`, `-07:00:00` (with seconds)
Timezone ISO-8601	`Z0700` (Z for UTC or time offset), `Z070000`, `Z07`, `Z07:00`, `Z07:00:00`

Action on Failure

The action_on_failure setting defines which action should be taken by the stage in case the source field doesn’t exist in the extracted data or the timestamp parsing fails. The supported actions are:

fudge (default): change the timestamp to the last known timestamp, summing up 1 nanosecond (to guarantee log entries ordering)
skip: do not change the timestamp and keep the time when the log entry has been scraped by Promtail

Examples

- timestamp:
    source: time
    format: RFC3339Nano

This stage looks for a time field in the extracted map and reads its value in RFC3339Nano form (e.g., 2006-01-02T15:04:05.999999999-07:00). The resulting time value will be used as the timestamp sent with the log line to Loki.