Documentation Grafana Cloud Instrument and send data Grafana Alloy Collect and forward data Collect Alloy telemetry

Set up meta-monitoring to collect Alloy telemetry

You can configure Alloy to collect its own telemetry and forward it to the backend of your choosing.

This topic describes how to collect and forward metrics, logs, and traces data from Alloy.

Components and configuration blocks used in this topic

• prometheus.exporter.self
• prometheus.scrape
• logging
• tracing

Before you begin

• Identify where to send Alloy’s telemetry data.
• Be familiar with the concept of Components in Alloy.

Meta-monitoring metrics

Alloy exposes its internal metrics using the Prometheus exposition format.

In this task, you use the prometheus.exporter.self and prometheus.scrape components to scrape Alloy’s internal metrics and forward it to compatible Alloy components.

1. Add the following prometheus.exporter.self component to your configuration. The component accepts no arguments.

   alloy Copy

   prometheus.exporter.self "<SELF_LABEL>" {
   }

2. Add the following prometheus.scrape component to your configuration file.

   alloy Copy

   prometheus.scrape "<SCRAPE_LABEL>" {
     targets    = prometheus.exporter.self.<SELF_LABEL>.targets
     forward_to = [<METRICS_RECEIVER_LIST>]
   }

   Replace the following:

   • <SELF_LABEL>: The label for the component such as default or metamonitoring. The label must be unique across all prometheus.exporter.self components in the same configuration file.
   • <SCRAPE_LABEL>: The label for the scrape component such as default. The label must be unique across all prometheus.scrape components in the same configuration file.
   • <METRICS_RECEIVER_LIST>: A comma-delimited list of component receivers to forward metrics to. For example, to send to a remote write component, use prometheus.remote_write.WRITE_LABEL.receiver. Similarly, to send data to a relabeling component, use prometheus.relabel.PROCESS_LABEL.receiver. To use data in the OTLP format, you can send data to a converter component, like otelcol.receiver.prometheus.OTEL.receiver.

The following example demonstrates configuring a possible sequence of components.

alloy Copy

prometheus.exporter.self "default" {
}

prometheus.scrape "metamonitoring" {
  targets    = prometheus.exporter.self.default.targets
  forward_to = [prometheus.remote_write.default.receiver]
}

prometheus.remote_write "default" {
  endpoint {
    url = "http://mimir:9009/api/v1/push"
  }
}

Meta-monitoring logs

The logging block defines the logging behavior of Alloy.

In this task, you use the logging block to forward Alloy’s logs to a compatible component. The block is specified without a label and can only be provided once per configuration file.

1. Add the following logging configuration block to the top level of your configuration file.

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   logging {
     level    = "<LOG_LEVEL>"
     format   = "<LOG_FORMAT>"
     write_to = [<LOGS_RECEIVER_LIST>]
   }

   Replace the following:

   • <LOG_LEVEL>: The log level to use for Alloy’s logs. If the attribute isn’t set, it defaults to info.
   • <LOG_FORMAT>: The log format to use for Alloy’s logs. If the attribute isn’t set, it defaults to logfmt.
   • <LOGS_RECEIVER_LIST>: A comma-delimited list of component receivers to forward logs to. For example, to send to a processing component, use loki.process.PROCESS_LABEL.receiver. Similarly, to send data to a relabeling component, use loki.relabel.PROCESS_LABEL.receiver. To use data in the OTLP format, you can send data to a converter component, like otelcol.receiver.loki.OTEL.receiver.

The following example demonstrates configuring the logging block and sending to a compatible component.

alloy Copy

logging {
  level    = "warn"
  format   = "json"
  write_to = [loki.write.default.receiver]
}

loki.write "default" {
  endpoint {
    url = "http://loki:3100/loki/api/v1/push"
  }
}

Meta-monitoring traces

The tracing block defines the tracing behavior of Alloy.

In this task, you use the tracing block to forward Alloy internal traces to a compatible component. The block is specified without a label and can only be provided once per configuration file.

1. Add the following tracing configuration block to the top level of your configuration file.

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   tracing {
     sampling_fraction = <SAMPLING_FRACTION>
     write_to          = [<TRACES_RECEIVER_LIST>]
   }

   Replace the following:

   • <SAMPLING_FRACTION>: The fraction of traces to keep. If the attribute isn’t set, it defaults to 0.1.
   • <TRACES_RECEIVER_LIST>: A comma-delimited list of component receivers to forward traces to. For example, to send to an OpenTelemetry exporter component use otelcol.exporter.otlp.EXPORT_LABEL.input.

The following example demonstrates configuring the tracing block and sending to a compatible component.

alloy Copy

tracing {
  sampling_fraction = 0.1
  write_to          = [otelcol.exporter.otlp.default.input]
}

otelcol.exporter.otlp "default" {
    client {
        endpoint = "tempo:4317"
    }
}