Documentation Grafana Alloy Tutorials Send metrics to Prometheus

Use Grafana Alloy to send metrics to Prometheus

In the previous tutorial, you learned how to configure Alloy to collect and process logs from your local machine and send them to Loki.

This tutorial shows you how to configure Alloy to collect and process metrics from your local machine, send them to Prometheus, and use Grafana to explore the results.

Before you begin

To complete this tutorial:

• You must have a basic understanding of Alloy and telemetry collection in general.
• You should be familiar with Prometheus, PromQL, Loki, LogQL, and basic Grafana navigation.
• You must complete the previous tutorial to prepare the following prerequisites:
  • Install Alloy and start the service in your environment.
  • Set up a local Grafana instance.
  • Create a config.alloy file.

Configure Alloy

In this tutorial, you configure Alloy to collect metrics and send them to Prometheus.

You add components to your config.alloy file to tell Alloy which metrics you want to scrape, how you want to process that data, and where you want the data sent.

The following steps build on the config.alloy file you created in the previous tutorial.

First component: Scraping

Paste the following component configuration at the top of your config.alloy file:

alloy Copy

prometheus.exporter.unix "local_system" { }

prometheus.scrape "scrape_metrics" {
  targets         = prometheus.exporter.unix.local_system.targets
  forward_to      = [prometheus.relabel.filter_metrics.receiver]
  scrape_interval = "10s"
}

This configuration creates a prometheus.scrape component named scrape_metrics which does the following:

• It connects to the local_system component as its source or target.
• It forwards the metrics it scrapes to the receiver of another component called filter_metrics.
• It tells Alloy to scrape metrics every 10 seconds.

Second component: Filter metrics

Filtering non-essential metrics before sending them to a data source can help you reduce costs and allow you to focus on the data that matters most.

The following example demonstrates how you can filter out or drop metrics before sending them to Prometheus.

Paste the following component configuration below the previous component in your config.alloy file:

alloy Copy

prometheus.relabel "filter_metrics" {
  rule {
    action        = "drop"
    source_labels = ["env"]
    regex         = "dev"
  }

  forward_to = [prometheus.remote_write.metrics_service.receiver]
}

The prometheus.relabel component is commonly used to filter Prometheus metrics or standardize the label set passed to one or more downstream receivers. You can use this component to rewrite the label set of each metric sent to the receiver. Within this component, you can define rule blocks to specify how you would like to process metrics before they’re stored or forwarded.

This configuration creates a prometheus.relabel component named filter_metrics which does the following:

• It receives scraped metrics from the scrape_metrics component.
• It tells Alloy to drop metrics that have an "env" label equal to "dev".
• It forwards the processed metrics to the receiver of another component called metrics_service.

Third component: Write metrics to Prometheus

Paste the following component configuration below the previous component in your config.alloy file:

alloy Copy

prometheus.remote_write "metrics_service" {
    endpoint {
        url = "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/write"

        // basic_auth {
        //   username = "admin"
        //   password = "admin"
        // }
    }
}

This final component creates a prometheus.remote_write component named metrics_service that points to http://localhost:9090/api/v1/write.

This completes the simple configuration pipeline.

This connects directly to the Prometheus instance running in the Docker container.

Reload the configuration

Copy your local config.alloy file into the default Alloy configuration file location.

macoslinux

Copy

macos Copy

sudo cp config.alloy $(brew --prefix)/etc/alloy/config.alloy

linux Copy

sudo cp config.alloy /etc/alloy/config.alloy

Call the /-/reload endpoint to tell Alloy to reload the configuration file without a system service restart.

bash Copy

curl -X POST http://localhost:12345/-/reload

Optional: You can do a system service restart Alloy and load the configuration file:

macoslinux

Copy

macos Copy

brew services restart alloy

linux Copy

sudo systemctl reload alloy

Inspect your configuration in the Alloy UI

Open http://localhost:12345 and click the Graph tab at the top. The graph should look similar to the following:

The Alloy UI shows you a visual representation of the pipeline you built with your Alloy component configuration.

You can see that the components are healthy, and you are ready to explore the metrics in Grafana.

Log into Grafana and explore metrics in Prometheus

Open http://localhost:3000/explore/metrics/ to access the Explore Metrics feature in Grafana.

From here you can visually explore the metrics sent to Prometheus by Alloy.

You can also build PromQL queries manually to explore the data further.

Open http://localhost:3000/explore to access the Explore feature in Grafana.

Select Prometheus as the data source and click the Metrics Browser button to select the metric, labels, and values for your labels.

Here you can see that metrics are flowing through to Prometheus as expected, and the end-to-end configuration was successful.

Summary

You have configured Alloy to collect and process metrics from your local host and send them to your local Grafana stack.