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Promtail

Pipeline stages

match

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match

The match stage is a filtering stage that conditionally applies a set of stages or drop entries when a log entry matches a configurable LogQL stream selector and filter expressions.

Note
The filters do not include label filter expressions such as | label == "foobar".

Schema

match:
  # LogQL stream selector and line filter expressions.
  selector: <string>

  # Names the pipeline. When defined, creates an additional label in
  # the pipeline_duration_seconds histogram, where the value is
  # concatenated with job_name using an underscore.
  [pipeline_name: <string>]

  # Determines what action is taken when the selector matches the log
  # line. Defaults to keep. When set to drop, entries will be dropped
  # and no later metrics will be recorded.
  # Stages must be not defined when dropping entries.
  [action: <string> | default = "keep"]
  
  # If you specify `action: drop` the metric `logentry_dropped_lines_total` 
  # will be incremented for every line dropped.  By default the reason
  # label will be `match_stage` however you can optionally specify a custom value 
  # to be used in the `reason` label of that metric here.
  [drop_counter_reason: <string> | default = "match_stage"]

  # Nested set of pipeline stages only if the selector
  # matches the labels of the log entries:
  stages:
    [<stages>...]

Refer to the Promtail Stages Configuration Reference for the schema on the various stages supported here.

Example

For the given pipeline:

pipeline_stages:
- json:
    expressions:
      app:
- labels:
    app:
- match:
    selector: '{app="loki"}'
    stages:
    - json:
        expressions:
          msg: message
- match:
    pipeline_name: "app2"
    selector: '{app="pokey"}'
    action: keep
    stages:
    - json:
        expressions:
          msg: msg
- match:
    selector: '{app="promtail"} |~ ".*noisy error.*"'
    action: drop
    drop_counter_reason: promtail_noisy_error
- output:
    source: msg

And given log lines:

{ "time":"2012-11-01T22:08:41+00:00", "app":"loki", "component": ["parser","type"], "level" : "WARN", "message" : "app1 log line" }
{ "time":"2012-11-01T22:08:41+00:00", "app":"promtail", "component": ["parser","type"], "level" : "ERROR", "message" : "foo noisy error" }

The first stage will add app with a value of loki into the extracted map for the first log line, while the second stage will add app as a label (again with the value of loki). The second line will follow the same flow and will be added the label app with a value of promtail.

The third stage uses LogQL to only execute the nested stages when there is a label of app whose value is loki. This matches the first line in our case; the nested json stage then adds msg into the extracted map with a value of app1 log line.

The fourth stage uses LogQL to only executed the nested stages when there is a label of app whose value is pokey. This does not match in our case, so the nested json stage is not ran.

The fifth stage will drop any entries from the application promtail that matches the regex .*noisy error. and will also increment the logentry_dropped_lines_total metric with a label reason="promtail_noisy_error"

The final output stage changes the contents of the log line to be the value of msg from the extracted map. In this case, the log line is changed to app1 log line.